Etiology of liver cirrhosis

        Pathogeny:

        (a) the main virus hepatitis B and C (in the past called non - a non - hepatitis B) viral hepatitis, hepatitis a generally does not develop into cirrhosis of the liver. The pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus is related to the immune abnormalities, which is mainly caused by chronic hepatitis, especially in chronic active hepatitis, and gradually evolved into cirrhosis. Liver cirrhosis after hepatitis showed macronodular cirrhosis; in some cases such as the slow course of persistent inflammatory necrosis lesions, lighter and more uniform, also showed micronodular cirrhosis. From the development of viral hepatitis to cirrhosis of the course of the disease, can be short to a few months, long to pick up years.

        (two) schistosomiasis parasites in the mesenteric vein branch, eggs with blood flow into the liver mainly deposited in the portal area, its eggs of toxic products stimulation caused a large amount of connective tissue hyperplasia, resulting in liver fibrosis and portal hypertension. The left lobe of the liver cirrhosis with liver cirrhosis was more serious, and the liver had larger nodules on the liver surface. Because in addition to the adjacent egg deposition in liver cells atrophy of other liver cells without obvious degeneration and regeneration, the clinical liver function was slightly changed, and portal hypertension occurs earlier, past call schistosomiasis cirrhosis should be called schistosomiasis liver fibrosis.

        (three) the direct damage to the liver by chronic alcohol intoxication, the direct damage to the liver, and the development of liver cirrhosis is the main pathogenesis of alcoholic cirrhosis. Due to excessive drinking caused by long-term nutritional disorders, reduce the liver of some toxic substances in the resistance, also played a certain role in the pathogenesis.

        (four) drug and chemical poisons many drugs and toxic chemicals can cause liver damage, such as long-term use of isoniazid, tetracycline bisatin, methyldopa, Xin Kefen, or long-term repeated exposure to certain chemicals such as carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, phosphorus and arsenic can cause drug or toxic hepatitis and chronic active hepatitis, and development toxic (drug) large or small nodular nodular cirrhosis.

        (five) malnutrition of chronic malnutrition, especially protein, vitamin B, vitamin E and anti lipid factors such as choline deficiency, can cause liver cell necrosis, fatty liver, and for nutritional cirrhosis. But some people deny the direct relationship between malnutrition and human liver cirrhosis. At present, many believe that long-term nutritional imbalance can reduce the resistance of the liver to other pathogenic factors.

        (six) circulatory disorder of chronic congestive heart failure caused by shrinkage, pericarditis and various causes of hepatic vein occlusion syndrome (Budd Chiari syndrome), can induce long-term liver blood stasis and hypoxia, centrilobular necrosis of liver cells, connective tissue hyperplasia and cause blood stasis of liver cirrhosis, a small nodular in shape. Also known as cardiac cirrhosis caused by heart disease, enlargement of the liver, liver damage is not very serious, but also showed mild jaundice, decreased serum albumin and ascites.

        (seven) intrahepatic cholestasis or extrahepatic bile duct obstruction persistent, can lead to liver cell ischemia, necrosis, fibrous tissue hyperplasia and the formation of liver cirrhosis. Generally can be divided into intrahepatic cholestasis and extrahepatic bile duct obstructive biliary cirrhosis. The primary biliary cirrhosis is associated with the small bile duct inflammation and obstruction in the liver.

        (eight) intestinal infection and chronic inflammation of specific or nonspecific intestinal inflammation, often caused by digestion and absorption and nutrition disorders, and toxin produced in intestinal pathogens through the portal vein to liver, cause liver cell degeneration and necrosis and develop cirrhosis.

(nine) metabolic diseases are caused by genetic and metabolic diseases, which cause some substances in the liver, cause liver cell degeneration and necrosis, and connective tissue hyperplasia.

        1, Wilson's disease (degeneration Hepato-Lenticular) or Wilson disease. Due to the inborn abnormality of copper metabolism, copper is due to liver and brain tissue. The characteristics of liver cirrhosis and bilateral cerebral basal ganglia degeneration exist at the same time, the clinical symptoms in cirrhosis, mental disorders and extrapyramidal symptoms, such as facial expressions, lack of salivation, difficulty swallowing and speaking, hand, foot and head and neck tremor, muscle rigidity etc..

        2, hemochromatosis (hemochromatosis) for iron metabolism disorders, excessive iron in the liver tissues caused by liver cirrhosis. More small nodular, late can also be manifested as large nodular cirrhosis, the main clinical manifestations of cirrhosis, diabetes and skin pigmentation, etc..

(ten) it is difficult to affirm the cause of unknown etiology, known as the hidden primary liver cirrhosis. Probably not a special type, in which some cases may be associated with occult hepatitis without jaundice.