What is the pathological cause of cholecystitis?

         Gallbladder stones sudden obstruction or incarcerated cystic duct is a common cause of acute cholecystitis, gallbladder torsion, stenosis and biliary ascariasis of biliary obstruction or tumor can also cause acute cholecystitis. In addition, the aging process, the gallbladder wall gradually become hypertrophy or atrophy, systolic dysfunction, resulting in cholestasis and bile salt concentration and form; at the end of common bile duct and Oddi sphincter becomes loose, prone to retrograde infection; systemic atherosclerosis, blood viscosity increased viscosity can aggravate the gallbladder artery ischemia. The cystic duct or gallbladder neck obstruction, gallbladder bile stasis concentrated form of bile salts, which stimulates gallbladder mucosa caused by chemical cholecystitis (early); at the same time the gallbladder bile retention pressure increased, the expansion of gallbladder first affects the gallbladder wall venous and lymphatic drainage, gallbladder appear congestion and edema, when the gallbladder pressure (>5.39kPa 55cmH2O), gallbladder wall artery occlusion, ischemic injury of gallbladder, gallbladder ischemia to secondary bacterial infection, aggravating cholecystitis or perforation process, final gallbladder gangrene. If the cystic duct obstruction and no blood circulation disorders and bacterial infection of the gallbladder wall, the development of gallbladder effusion. Recent studies have shown that phospholipase A may be due to cholestasis or released from gallbladder calculus incarcerated mucosal injury, the bile lecithin hydrolyzed into lysolecithin, the latter and the integrity of the epithelial cells caused by the change of acute cholecystitis.